In our factory specializing in machining precision parts with Swiss-type lathes, CNC machining is the core process to ensure part accuracy and quality. Below are the key steps and considerations for performing CNC machining on parts.
Part Analysis and Programming Preparation
First, upon receiving the part drawing, conduct a comprehensive analysis of the part. Clarify technical requirements such as the part’s shape, dimensional accuracy, and surface roughness, and determine the machining process route. For example, complex-shaped parts may require multi-axis linkage machining; for surfaces with high precision requirements, plan appropriate machining allowances.
Based on the part analysis, use computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) software for programming. Input the part’s geometric model into the software and set tool parameters (e.g., tool type, diameter, edge length) and machining parameters (e.g., spindle speed, feed rate, cutting depth). During programming, pay special attention to tool path planning to ensure the tool does not collide with the part or fixture during machining, while optimizing the machining path to improve efficiency.
Machine Tool and Tool Preparation
Selecting the right CNC machine tool is crucial. Our factory’s Swiss-type lathes feature high precision and flexibility, suitable for machining small precision parts. Before machining, inspect and debug the machine tool to ensure its performance indicators are normal, such as the positioning accuracy and repeatability of the coordinate axes.
Tool selection also directly impacts machining quality and efficiency. Choose appropriate tools based on the part’s material, machining process, and surface quality requirements. For example, use carbide tools for machining high-hardness metal parts, and high-speed steel tools for easily deformable materials. Regularly inspect tool wear and replace worn tools promptly to maintain machining accuracy.
Part Clamping and Tool Setting
Proper part clamping is the foundation for ensuring machining accuracy. Use suitable fixtures to securely clamp the part on the machine tool, ensuring accurate positioning. During clamping, pay attention to the magnitude and direction of clamping force to avoid part deformation caused by excessive force or part movement during machining due to insufficient force.
Tool setting is a critical operation in CNC machining. Through tool setting, determine the tool’s position in the machine tool coordinate system to provide an accurate starting point for the tool path in programming. The accuracy of tool setting directly affects the part’s machining dimensional accuracy, so operate carefully and use high-precision tool setting instruments.
Machining Process Monitoring and Adjustment
During part machining, closely monitor the machine tool’s operating status and machining conditions. Real-time observe parameters such as tool trajectory, spindle speed, and feed rate through the machine tool’s display. If abnormalities are found, such as severe tool wear or unusual machining sounds, pause machining immediately for inspection and adjustment.
After machining, inspect the part using measuring tools (e.g., calipers, micrometers, coordinate measuring machines) to measure its dimensional accuracy, shape accuracy, and surface roughness. Analyze problems in the machining process based on inspection results, summarize experience, and provide references for subsequent machining.
In summary, CNC machining is a systematic project that requires strict control from part analysis, programming, machine tool and tool preparation, clamping and tool setting to machining monitoring, in order to produce high-precision parts. Our factory always adheres to a rigorous attitude and continuously optimizes CNC machining processes to provide customers with high-quality precision part machining services.